What is tachycardia. Causes, treatment of this symptom

Normal heart rate in adultspeople is defined in the range of 60 - 80 beats per minute. Tachycardia - an increase in the frequency of heart beat more than 80 per minute. Sinus node performs in the body the role of the main regulator of the heart rhythm. With an increase in the activity of the sinus node under the influence of various external and internal factors, sinus tachycardia develops, the causes, the treatment of which will be discussed below.

Sinus tachycardia - causes, diagnosis, treatment

Sinus tachycardia is often not associated withpathology of the heart and is determined under different physiological and pathological conditions. It can be caused by emotional stress, physical activity, increased temperature. There is a known relationship between the frequency of heart contraction and body temperature - with an increase in temperature by 1C, the heart rate increases by 6-10 beats per minute. Pathological sinus tachycardia occurs with heart failure of various origins.

The condition opposite to sinus tachycardia,called sinus bradycardia. At this state, the heart rate is less than 60 cuts per minute. A bradycardia develops as a result of a decrease in the activity of the sinus node.

These simple heart rhythm disturbances are nothave a large diagnostic value. ECG with these rhythm disturbances practically does not differ from the norm. Treatment is symptomatic, the tactics of treatment depend on the cause, which led to a violation of the automaticity of the sinus node.

Paroxysmal tachycardia: causes, diagnosis and treatment

What is the paroxysmal tachycardia, the reasons, the treatment of this condition, we consider below.

Paroxysmal tachycardia is called seizuresheart rate, at which the frequency of heart contractions reaches 150 - 220 beats per minute in the presence of the right rhythm. As a rule, they begin and end suddenly. Paroxysmal tachycardia, causes, treatment can be different, because it is divided into atrial and ventricular.

Atrial paroxysmal tachycardia is not uncommonoccurs in healthy people with an unbalanced nervous system. Especially often attacks occur after emotional stress, abuse of such drinks as strong tea, coffee, and also alcohol. These factors increase the excitability of the nervous system and contribute to the development of increased heart rate.

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is oftenis caused by reflex influence on the heart for various diseases of internal organs. An attack can occur as a result of hormonal disorders during pregnancy, menopause.

The ventricular form, as a rule, occurs in severe organic diseases of the heart (ischemic disease, especially with acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, arterial hypertension).

Patients complain of the appearance ofsudden strong palpitations. There may be feelings of heaviness in the heart and pain like angina. Sometimes there is nausea, vomiting. Paroxysmal tachycardia is often accompanied by general weakness, a sense of fear, sometimes dizziness, fainting.

During the examination, you can determine the expressed pallor of the skin, and with a prolonged attack - acrocyanosis, increased pulsation of the vessels of the neck. Pulse is rhythmic, frequent, small filling. Blood pressure is often reduced.

Diagnosis of paroxysmal tachycardia is performed taking into account ECG data.

Attack of supraventricular tachycardia is possiblestop by actions aimed at stimulating the vagus nerve. To do this, you can press on the eyeballs, squeeze the abdominal press, induce vomiting, suggest the patient push, hold his breath. If inefficiency is used antiarrhythmic drugs. In severe cases, cardiac stimulation and electropulse therapy are performed. Ventricular tachycardia is treated with parenteral administration of antiarrhythmic drugs, and electropulse therapy is prescribed.

We examined in this article what kind of tachycardia, causes, treatment of this clinical syndrome.