Immaturity of the hip joint in newborns: causes, symptoms, gymnastics

The greatest joy for all couplesis the birth of a child. But the happy moments of the first days of the baby’s life may darken after a visit to the orthopedist. It is at the reception of a specialist that parents first learn about the pathology of the immaturity of the hip joint in newborns. Often, the doctor mentions dysplasia. Such a verdict can scare everyone without exception. Is it really worth being afraid of him?

Pelvic immaturity and dysplasia: what is the difference

Under the immaturity of the pelvic bones is understoodtheir development is delayed, and dysplasia is initially an abnormal formation of the joint. These two states are often confused. Until recently, both pathologies were united under one term “dysplasia”. Today, there is a tendency to differentiate concepts, which in itself is already good. Correctly formulated diagnosis allows you to choose the most competent treatment, if it is required.

When it comes to babies, the term "dysplasia" should be understood as the immaturity of the hip joint.

In newborns, this pathology is consideredphysiological, therefore, does not need serious treatment. However, you should not completely ignore this problem. Timely detection of the violation and correct its correction allow you to avoid complications in the future.

The main causes of pathology

There are several factors, the presence of whichdetermines the risk of developing this pathology. Before talking about them, it is necessary to explain how and why hip joint immaturity arises in newborns. Currently, science offers several theories regarding the etiology of the disease. On one of them should stay in more detail.

Some time before the upcoming birth womenthe body begins to intensively produce the hormone relaxin. Its main purpose is to soften the femoral-sacral joints of the expectant mother. He also makes the pelvic bones of a woman more mobile. However, relaxin does not work selectively - affecting the bones of the mother, it also softens them in the fetus.

If a woman has well-shaped ligaments,she does not run the risk of dislocation during or after childbirth. As for only the child born, the situation is different. The soft head of the thigh may fly out of the articular cavity, without having a chance to return. According to statistics, in 25% of newborns, doctors diagnose the immaturity of the pelvic bones.

As a rule, the joints are restored independently. But if they do not come to the anatomical rate, a minor correction of the problem is required.

Among the factors contributing to the emergence of immaturity of the hip joints in newborns include:

• first birth;
• very large fruit;
• the birth of a girl;
• pelvic presentation;
• hereditary predisposition.

Immediately after birth, infants who are in the risk group are registered with an orthopedist and begin to correct the disorder.

Signs of immaturity of the hip joints of newborns

All the symptoms of the pathological process candivided into two conditional groups. The first is for signs that only an experienced doctor can diagnose, and the second is for parents to understand. It is erroneous to draw conclusions about the presence of the disease solely on external deviations. However, parents should visit an orthopedic surgeon if they have the following symptoms:

1. Asymmetry of the inguinal, femoral and gluteal folds.
2. Knees are at different heights. If you put the child on his back, straighten his legs and bend at the knees, the latter should be about the same level. Otherwise, you should think about the presence of pathology.
3. Different amplitude of joints. The child must be put on his back and bend his legs at the knees. Normally, newborns have limbs with high flexibility, so no effort is needed. If the amplitude of one hip is significantly different from the other, it is necessary to urgently show the child to the doctor.

Early detection of the immaturity of the hip joints of the newborn increases the chances of a quick recovery of the baby.

Which doctor to contact?

Detection of one or all signs at onceillness does not mean that the child has health problems. On the other hand, lubricated symptoms do not guarantee the lack of immaturity of the pelvic bones. After all, pathology can be bilateral in nature. In this case, the asymmetry of the inguinal or gluteal folds should not be.

From the foregoing, it can be concluded that, in case of any suspicions, it is necessary to contact a pediatric orthopedist who will diagnose:

1. It begins with a survey of the mother. The doctor should know how the pregnancy proceeded, whether there were complications, whether there is a genetic predisposition to the disease.
2. Ultrasound of the limbs. This method is completely safe for health, but at the same time it is highly informative. With it, the doctor can tell exactly whether the baby has a hip joint immaturity.

In newborns during ultrasoundstudies measured the size of the nucleus of ossification. This indicator should correspond to the age of the patient. Even a slight deviation from the norm may indicate a pathological process.

Correction of the violation

Physiological immaturity of the hip jointsin newborns - no reason to fall into despair. Such a diagnosis is not deadly, but they do not need to be neglected. In the early stages of the pathology is perfectly amenable to adjustment. To stimulate the proper development of the joints using special tires. However, this method of therapy is not suitable for children who have already turned 6 months.

Mandatory for small patientsprescribe vitamins. The duration of the course, the specific means and its dosage is determined by the doctor. Treatment of pathology is also impossible to imagine without a special massage and physiotherapeutic procedures. If in the first case you cannot do without qualified professional help, then paraffin applications can be performed at home. How to properly and without prejudice to the health of the child to do the procedure, the doctor must tell.

Physiotherapy

What other treatments are used in the diagnosis"Immaturity of the hip joint in newborns"? Gymnastics is an integral part of the correction of limb development. The treatment complex is selected individually, but usually it consists of the following exercises:

• "bicycle";
• leg rotation;
• dilution and flattening of the legs in the hip joint.

Such exercises are recommended to be repeated every time you change the diaper. In this case, the child must be laid on a flat surface. A bed or a soft sofa is not suitable for this purpose.

Gymnastics with the immaturity of the hip joints in a newborn does not require special skills. However, it will still be better if the orthopedist shows how to do the exercises correctly.

Wide swaddling

Many parents probably heard about the techniquewide swaddling. In fact, only some of them know what it is. Extensive swaddling is used to treat and prevent pelvic bone immaturity, and it is performed as follows:

1. It is necessary to fold a usual fabric diaper with a triangle, having directed its basis down.
2. You can wear a diaper on the baby.
3. The child should be placed on the prepared diaper, bending his legs approximately 80 degrees.
4. After that, the ends of the cloth should be wrapped around the limbs of the newborn, and the base of the triangle should be fixed on the stomach.

This pose "frog", despite the complexity of swaddling, very convenient and useful for the baby.

Preventive measures

How can prevent hip immaturityjoints in newborns? Treatment and correction of this pathology require a lot of time. If you do not notice the problem in the first weeks of the baby’s life, you can face its negative consequences. That is why many parents are interested in the prevention of the immaturity of the pelvic bones.

Reducing the risk of developing pathology helpscorrect course of pregnancy. The first step is to eliminate the effects of negative factors on the fetus. A significant role in the prevention of illness also plays a balanced nutrition of the mother. And if she has an increase in the tone of the uterus, it is important to take measures to eliminate it. For these purposes, prescribed drugs.

Which drug to use, decidesgynecologist. Self-medication is not allowed. In addition, it is advisable to check the development of the hip joints of the baby still in the hospital. When a pathology is detected, you should immediately start treating it, and the baby will be healthy.