Homonyms: examples of use in Russian

Homonyms are words that are identical in soundcomposition, but not related in meaning: lezginka (dance) - lezginka (woman); rook (figure in chess) - rook (ship); ambassador (way of preparing food) - ambassador (diplomat). The identical external sound-letter and grammatical form of homonyms makes communication difficult, since the discernment of their meaning is possible only in context, in combination with other words. Homonyms, examples of which it shows, can not be understood without context: a profitable proposal is an impersonal offer; kidneys blossom - heal the kidneys; right hand - right (innocent).

Types and examples of homonyms in Russian

Complete lexical homonymy is a coincidencewords related to the same part of speech in all forms: month (calendar) - month (luminary), assembly of the car (from the verb to collect) - assembly on the fabric (fold), motif (musical) - motive (behavior), read (the book) - read (adults, parents), attire (order) - attire (clothes), note (diplomatic) - note (musical). Incomplete lexical homonymy implies the coincidence in writing and sounding of words belonging to the same part of speech, not in all forms: skate (wheel, inanimate) - ramp (to river, inanimate) - ramp (fish, animated); bury a pit (perfect view - bury) - bury the medicine (perfect view - to drip); cancer (river animal) - cancer (disease, has only a single number).

There are homonyms, examples of which can be seenfurther, connected with grammatical and sound change: mouth - genus (pronounced as [mouth]); three (from the verb to rub) - three (number); pair (boots) - (clubs) pair; oven (patties) - (Russian) oven.

Homonyms: examples and types by structure

1. Root. They have an unproductive basis: marriage (factory) and marriage (happy), peace (reigns in the family and the state) and the world (the universe).
2. Derived homonyms are the result of word formation: the drill (the song is drilled) and the battle forest.

Phonetic, grammatical and graphic homonyms: examples of use

Homophones (phonetic homonyms) are words that are the same in sound composition, but they are different in writing (alphabetic composition): mushroom and flu, code and cat, fort and Ford, illuminate and consecrate, people and lyut.

Homographs (alphabetic, graphic homonyms) -words that have the same alphabetic composition, but differ in pronunciation: shelves - shelves, horns - horns, satin - atlas, soar - soar (the stresses in these words fall on different syllables).

Omoforms - coincidence of grammatical forms of onewords or different words: glass window (noun) - glass on the floor (verb in the past tense), it's time to go - summer time; hunting (for predators) and hunting (desire); ice cream eskimo - ice cream meat (noun and adjective); return in spring - enjoy the spring (adverb and noun); to flow on the floor - to stop leaking (verb and noun).

Pun and homonyms: examples of words and mishandling

One must be careful in the use of homonyms,because in some situations homonymy can distort the meaning of the utterance and lead to a comic. For example, the words of the football match commentator: "In today's match the players left the football field without goals" - one can understand in two ways. And even such writers are not immune to such speech incidents:

• "Did you hear?"
• "You can not be indifferent to evil."
</ ul </ p>