Reading technique in primary school
Reading at school is not so much an object of study,as a means of teaching all other subjects of the curriculum. Therefore, one of the main tasks facing a primary school teacher is to teach children consciously, fluently, correctly read, work with the text and develop the need for independent reading of books.
The skill of reading includes the technical and the semantic side of reading.
The reading technique consists of the following components: way, correctness and pace. The semantic side includes: expressiveness and understanding of what has been read. One of the actual problems in the primary classes remains the problem of assessing and controlling the level of formation of all the basic parameters of reading.
Reading technique: conditions of checking in primary classes
1. Realization of checking the reading technique of the child in a calm and familiar environment.
2. At the same time, the child must sit at a desk at a distance of one and a half to two meters from the examiner.
3. The first few sentences or three or four lines of text a child should read without time. This will enable him to "read" into the text.
4. Requirements for the text:
- the absence of incomprehensible, unfamiliar words;
- content available to students;
- font, corresponding to the font of textbooks for primary classes.
5. When determining the number of words read per minute, conjunctions, prepositions, parts of words carried from one line to another, parts of the word written through a hyphen that contain more than three or four letters are considered to be "single words". For example, "quietly" should be considered as two different words, and "firebird" for one, since in the first part of this word only 3 letters.
6. Verification of the content of the read text is carried out on 2-3 questions. Do not follow for these purposes to ask to retell the text, since retelling is an indicator of the student's coherent speech development, and not reading skills.
According to the official program requirement,First graders should read 25-30 words per minute. And by the end of the year we must master the positional smooth reading without errors, i.e. without substitutions, omissions, repetitions of words, syllables, letters, with the correct accent. In this case, students should read short words, and long ones by syllables. In addition, after reading it is necessary to evaluate the understanding of what has been read on the issues.
The technique of reading (2nd grade).
Second-graders, according to the program, to the endThe first half should read 40 words, and at the end of the school year - 50 words per minute. The evaluation criteria are the same: correctness, understanding, expressiveness. The method of reading the text - in whole words. Words that consist of four to five syllables or more can be read by syllables.
Students in grade 3 should read 60 words at the end of the first half of the year, and at the end of the school year - 75 words per minute. The evaluation criteria are the same. The method of reading the text - in whole words.
Reading technique (4th grade).
Students of the fourth grade, according to the program, should read 70-80 words at the end of the first half of the year, and at the end of the school year - 85-95 words per minute.
The technique of reading is improved from class to class. To make this process interesting and effective, teachers and parents need to use a variety of exercises.
