Technologies for creating websites: review and new trends

The Internet has become so familiarnecessity and acquired the features of general availability, that the process of its development went beyond the limits of understanding and control, subject even to the most qualified specialist.

The number of "competent" sharply exceededthe number of qualified, in information technology, the creation of sites, the development of tools and everything else began to develop as if by themselves, if you look at the whole picture.

Stochastic processes

When the quantity passes into quality in itswill, not always the result of the work of a recognized and experienced specialist is better than a beginner's work. A specialist sees objects, processes and their properties through the range of accumulated knowledge and can not admit anything that does not conform to established rules and existing standards.

The newcomer sees everything, he has neither filters norcomplexes and knowledge that claim how to do it. Beginners, as a rule, are many, and the overwhelming majority are mistaken, but there will always be one or another that will do something worthwhile, which will attract the attention of even recognized specialists.

When any public sphere is formedrelations, and the Internet is just such a case, a recognized trendsetter - it's a crowd. The best confirmation of this is the different-sized browsers, a wide range of opinions, many acts of birth and death of languages ​​and tools.

The sphere is in the stage of active formation, but in it already it is possible to allocate the generated information technologies, the creation of sites has acquired an "industrial" look and scale.

Qualification Aspect

Create a site can not only the student, but alsoschoolboy. The effect is zero, but this technology of creating websites really exists, is in demand and it does not plan to leave its niche. The result of this technology is not the sites, but the growing flow of their consumers (customers, owners).

What to do, not everyone and not always havebegin with a decent level, some are destined to start the way with a good portion of negative emotions. But it's not always that the dvoechnik is worse than an excellent student. Another student who fails in school in real life will be circumvented by a dozen excellent students, not too straining, on the simple basis that in school he spent more time and effort to achieve a result, but nobody noticed or appreciated it.

Respecting yourself and your business customer carefullychooses a developer, but rather a group of developers and for a long time talks about how complete and promising their ideas about functionality, how professional their actions and good tools are.

A very important aspect is the stability of the collectivedevelopers, not skill, but real teamwork in the team and the complete absence of any distractions in the process of work and beyond. This is an ideal requirement, but one should strive towards it.

Qualitative and full-featuredInternet resource is, first of all, the owner [author's idea] + a qualified team, not a set of beautifully interconnected pages, not outsourcing on the road or corporate.

Main technological issues

Modern information technology is acceptedattributed to high technology, which raises serious doubts. It is better not to talk about the achievements of natural intelligence in the sphere of information, it is not the construction of ocean or air liners or flights to space, where there is a colossal experience and everything can be calculated.

Attempts to declare the creation of a new technologythe creation of sites has long been not taken seriously. The world of Internet tools has long been determined with what to work and how to do it. Qualified specialists were convinced that after each new brilliant victory in the sphere of information and information systems, the effect fades vertically and instantly, that is, there is no decent function of attenuation stretched over a period of time that can be seen with the naked eye.

The main technologies of creating websites:

• manual work (MS - myself);
• use of site management systems (CMS).

Both options combine the use ofserver language and browser language, AJAX acts as a bunch or a personal version of the information exchange between the client (browser) and the server.

The result of any technology will be an HTML page, a set of CSS rules and JavaScript scripts. Depending on the scope of application, there may be other files.

Classical programming languages

Each programming language has its own destiny, butin recent years, to survive, they all had to adapt to the Internet and offer developers mechanisms to create sites in their own environment.

As far as it is convenient, effective and viable, it is a matter of time, but in any case the technology of creating websites with C ++, Delphi (Pascal), C # (C sharp), ... leads to a working result.

Using classical instrumentalmeans has undoubted effect in terms of access to computer resources and libraries of the system in a natural, long-established and reliable manner, but it is also true that there are still gaps in the part of work in the distributed information environment.

An important aspect of technologies based on suchprogramming languages, real-time device management, direct access to machine code, management of both the computer and the operating system without the latter. In some applications, this is a very important aspect, and not every modern software tool can compare here with C ++ or C #.

New tools

The world of Internet technologies is developing so muchrapidly, that many new programming languages ​​have become so familiar, reliable and fully functional that the word "new" to them is applicable with certain reservations.

PHP, Perl, Java, JavaScript and many otherstools have long been classified as "new", but it is still a fundamentally different approach, and the beginning of these languages ​​lies in a completely different context, they were originally created as a tool for Internet programming, they were the main technologies of creating websites.

In such tools, on the contrary, technology of creating a website has fallen intobasis, and access to databases, to special servers, to external devices, etc. appeared later, that is, what was in programming at the very beginning, here appears at the very end.

However, the mere fact that the new tools successfullydevelop both forward and backward, testifies to their vitality in the first place. Here the technology of creating a site is: "HTML + CSS> [iN]> WWW", where [iN] is PHP, Perl, Java ... In other words, new tools include as a basis hypertext standards and allow you to make a correct WWW- resource.

Databases and relational relations

It is necessary to pay tribute to the spreadsheets (leveluser) and relational databases (developer level) for their tremendous contribution to the development of information technology and the improvement of the consciousness of the mass consumer of information.

Initially, the Internet "could not" have access toordinary databases, located in conventional networks, required some kind of gadgets. However, this did not become a special problem, since the ideas to create new databases on the basis of past experience were in demand, justified and paid for.

MySQL and its similar databases are fineadded PHP, Perl and other tools for creating HTML pages. But relational relationships have been preserved, and the language of SQL queries has simply expanded to a lot of new dialects. Nothing has changed in essence.

If we take into account that the ideas of object-orientedprogramming (OOP) in the semantic plan did not go in the direction of the user of the information, but moved towards the developer of sites and information systems, it is possible to understand why the databases do not want to change the orientation from the relational to the natural one.

Information and databases

The mentality of the developer and user is determined bythe database as an information entity, but can not break out of the relational relationships. Even the newly made Doctrine, declaring new ideas, is based on classical ideas.

The information can not be expanded on the shelves. It is always dynamic. Libraries of books were yesterday, but today electronic libraries are all the same yesterday. The logic of storing information on the shelves makes sense only until the moment everything is decomposed, and then everything changes. Information is, first of all, dynamics, in whatever sphere it is considered.

Examples of databases

Database of employees. Over time, not only their number anddata (content) for each, but also the structure of the necessary information. The manager can easily make a criterion for evaluating the work of an employee, determine the general duties or cancel one aspect of the employment relationship.

The database of films. Everything was fine until the moment shewas created, filled and accumulated by potential users, but users do not have to look for films by names, actors, date of release of the film. It is quite natural and understandable the desire of the consumer of information to find a film according to the phrase spoken in it, the description of the frame or scene.

Electronic Libraries - this is a separate topic, move to the Internet logicthe usual real library is a bit worth it. It's just work, although it is in demand. But the consumer needs an adequate search not only for authors, names and keywords. The consumer, for example, working on a diploma, may want to automatically pull up the actual work, rather than look for himself.

Time dimension

It is extremely important that a temporaryaspect in all respects. Search engines practically do not attach any importance to this, but it is very important to have an idea in the search issue about how old the information got.

Analyzing what was said above in the context of OOP, it is easyto notice a qualitatively new variant of database development. Assuming that the objects themselves can be stored in the database and restored from it in the current state. Assuming that the object today is not a yesterday's object, therefore, the database will function simply as a memory of objects, and objects will evolve according to their nature.

In this context, the PLO changes the face of databases, and relational relationships go down in history.

New technologies for creating websites

OOP variants in modern languagesprogramming as dialects of natural language, and more often as different natural languages, are just similar in terms of scope, but are practically equivalent in terms of development.

Recognizing that relational databases have reachedthe apogee of its development is being improved in the speed and efficiency of relational relations, which, undoubtedly very well, it can be assumed that the current situation is preparing for a cardinal reincarnation.

First of all, everyone is used to the fact that the site isresource owner views implemented by the developer. But why is there no information consumer in this circuit? One owner’s opinion and developer’s considerations are not enough to fully satisfy the interests of the consumer. If two people are almost always two opinions on any issue, then why does the latter have an opinion only in the relationship of a person-site?

Relational views and databases cannotjust to leave the stage, first of all, they must be transformed into a new format. Probably, it will remind how C / C ++, being written on itself, was originally written in assembly language. It is possible, but the fact that the database, with all its tables, goes to formalizing information, suggests that ultimately this formalization will create basic ideas about how to move from relational relations caused by the database management system to content-defined relationships. database tables.

Modern website

All popular site creation technologies are worthy of attention, not equivalent, but will lead to a result. What matters is not so much technology as a skilled developer, but rather a team of such.

Only the developer and his experience will be able to evaluatetask, determine the necessary functionality and ensure the site a long, safe and developing life. A modern website is not a collection of pages at all; it is a real development team. It does not necessarily accompany one site, but in any case, the site lives as long as there is someone to take care of it.

The presence of an Internet resource almost always requires the use of technology to create promotion sites. Often create a website a little, you need to create a plan for its promotion. As a rule, the lion's share of new sites is similar to the already existing ones: these are shops (goods equivalent), search engines (search algorithms, judging by the issue, from one server), application sites (application areas are all known), etc.

Creating a new site requires creating a plan for his speech against the background of others like him, above all. Google website creation technology will provide the new site with the necessary qualities and tools in the Google environment, but this is not the only environment. Yandex, Rambler, Yahoo have no less clientele.

The plan for promoting everything new should take into account all the components of the Internet space. Starting with the technology underlying the creation of the site, through a plan for the use of technology to promote it.

At present, the Internet space is going through a stage of active formation, but it acts and gives everyone a chance to achieve what they want.</ span </ p>