How to connect a doorphone yourself in an apartment building?

An intercom is already an essential device forthe owner of housing in an apartment building. It minimizes the access of unauthorized people to the entrance: complete audio, and in many homes and video communication pipes allow you to quickly identify a person on the other side of the door. Many are interested in whether it is possible to connect the intercom in the apartment on its own. Of course, if you understand at least the basics of electricians. And we, in turn, will give you detailed instructions that will help you easily cope with this case.

About the construction of the door phone

Before you connect the intercom inapartment house independently, we will understand with a design of the device. This pass-through device with intercom functions (audio and video communication) has become popular in the last decade, taking the place of less comfortable code locks, before it was protected by some of our entrances. Intercom units are installed most often by specialized companies for the entire entrance. They subsequently serve the system.

The most popular manufacturers of doorphones for today - Vizit, Commax, Falcon Eye and so on.

In the diagram above, you saw the main components of the intercom system. Before you connect the doorphone yourself, refresh their memory functions:

• A tube. It is installed in the apartment so that the tenant can answer the call and open the door to the guest. This subscriber element is necessarily connected to the common locking system.
• The calling panel. This we see next to the access door - the key code reader, the keys for dialing the apartment or code number, the auxiliary screen.
• Lock (locking device). To date, the most popular electromagnetic variations. Although with the proper application of physical strength they can still be opened without a key, they are considered the most reliable. Previously, the version was popular with the usual metal latch, which opened the electric motor.
• Switch Module. This element of the system is responsible for the signal transmission from the calling panel to a certain tenant.
• Power supply system.
• "Exit" button and so on.

In the video intercom system, an element appears, such as a video camera at the calling panel. The transfer of the image takes place by the forces of the microcomputer.

Types of doorphones

Before you connect the doorphone yourself, you need to decide on the type that most suits you:

• Digital. The call of the guest is transmitted over a two-wire line,where the apartment number is recognized. Conjugation here is the work of jumpers, on a twisted grid transmitting a signal to a particular tube. Each of the latter is equipped for such an operation with microcircuits. To this controller all apartments are connected not only the entrance, but also the floor.

• Coordinate-matrix. A simpler version, which is why it is considered morereliable. Here, a switch is connected to the coordinator, when transmitting a call, a signal is sent to a specific handset. The connection itself is the wires of units and tens. Hence, each apartment is defined by two cables, the numbers of which, of course, can not be repeated. To establish a connection, a signal is required to be sent via DAT1. Then there is a transformation and processing of information by the modulator, after which it is connected to a certain unit and a ten. The connection to the apartment via LIN is due to the operation of the electromagnetic relay.

Safety precautions

Before you connect the doorphone yourself, remember the most important safety precautions:

• Turn off the power supply before working with the electrical wiring with the main electric breaker.
• Use high-quality licensed products and accessories.
• Do not install the transformer outdoors or in a humid room.

Wire Selection

We advise you to start the installation of a doorphone yourself with the choice of a wire - be guided by its required length:

• For audio device:
  • Up to 50 m - 6/10.
  • More than 50 m - 1,5 mm.
• For a video device:
  • Up to 25 m - 6/10.
  • More than 25 m - 1.5 mm or the maximum cable.

Electrical protection and wiring

We continue to talk about how to connectthe doorphone itself. The connection itself is only possible to the electrical network protected by a 16A automatic device or 10A fuse. To ensure the safety of the tenants, a 30 mA residual current device is also installed.

For a doorphone device two types of power supply are used:

1. The transformer is located separately from the intercom, connected both to it and to the network.
2. The tube is integrated with the transformer, and is connected to the outlet using a power cable.

One of the important topics related to how toconnect the access doorphone yourself - wiring. Make sure that it fits only in corrugated pipes. Therefore, you need to accurately measure the distance from the outer panel to the interphone to lay the pipes along the required length. Free ends of wires from them should go out about 20 cm.

Installation of a street panel

How to connect a doorphone yourself? The next item is the installation of a street exterior panel:

1. The approximate height of the element from the ground is 1.6 m.
2. For patch panels on the door or wall, the location of the fixing dowels is noted, then the holes are drilled and the device is fixed on the notches.
3. For embeddable versions, lines for fines are drawn, the position of the embedded box is marked.
4. Using a chisel, cut the fine, taking into account the thickness of both the embedded element and the corrugated pipe.
5. Install and lock the embedded box with cement.
6. Then place a corrugated tube in the fine. If necessary, fix its position with nails.
7. Accurately zashpaklyuchte fine with a pipe, along the way pulling out the last nails.
8. Now cut to the required length of the wire from the pipe, connect them to the outdoor panel.
9. Ends with the fixation of the street panel in the recessed box.

Installing the internal device

If you do not install an external devicealways necessary (this can be done by the supervising intercom of your entrance company), then installing the handset, if you want to take matters into your own hands, you will have to deal with it. Here is an approximate algorithm of actions:

1. Approximate recommended location of the tube is 1.5 m from the floor.
2. Next you need to determine on the wall the placelaying corrugated pipes from an external driveway. If the transformer is built into the tube, then this way is one, if not, then two - to the intercom and, in fact, to the transformer.
3. Again, by the thickness of the corrugated pipe you make chisels with chisels.
4. The next step is to put the pipe in a fine and then cement it or putty.
5. Note the exact location of the tube, drill the holes for the dowels that will hold it.
6. Secure the tube stand.
7. From the corrugated pipe, connect the necessary wires to the tube.
8. Install the intercom device on the brackets and fix it with the screws.
9. Transformer (if it is not built-in)is installed in a secure location (for example, a switchboard) and is connected to the common system by wires strictly according to the scheme. It can only be connected to a network protected by a fuse!

Video Doorphone Installation

We made out how to connect a digital doorphone yourself. Its version - video intercom, is connected in a similar scheme. But before installing, take into account the following:

• The camcorder is not installed against the sun's rays or a powerful lighting device.
• Video eyes should be protected from vibration and mechanical damage.
• The camera should be sheltered from the rain and not be exposed to high temperatures (more than 40 degrees).

Self-installing the doorphone - prerogativepeople who have dealt with electricians more than once. If you did this for the first time, we advise you to conduct work under the guidance of an experienced comrade, so all descriptive instructions are of a general, recommendatory nature and do not prevent particular installation problems.