Polyester. What kind of material is it, and what is its use
In those days, when different polymers and plasticsbegan to be actively introduced into everyday life, people thought that with their help it would be possible to solve almost all tasks beyond the capacity for natural materials. Such scientific and technical-chemical euphoria lasted from the late forties to the seventies, until mankind became convinced that cotton, linen or wool for clothes, in most cases, is better than any synthetics. However, these decades were not in vain, many very valuable and useful qualities of polymers created conditions for their wide application in various fields of human activity.
One of the most common syntheticThe material is polyester. What kind of product is it, for which products is it used now? To answer these questions, you first need to understand the chemical and mechanical properties of this polymer.
As a polyester material is amultimolecular chains of polyesters. When synthesizing this polymer, strong bonds arise, making it extremely strong. As applied to garments, this means its high resistance to tearing and creasing. Is it good? Of course, for some toilet articles these qualities are simply irreplaceable, as well as the ability to resist moisture. But everything has the opposite side. Low hygroscopicity and stiffness of this material make it uncomfortable with respect to the skin. However, it's impossible to talk about polyester, that it is a completely useless fabric for sewing clothes, just the area of its application is limited.
Different countries have differentcommercial names that denote polyester. The composition of raw materials can be combined, for example: "wool 65%, lavsan 35%". The word is, at first glance, foreign, in fact represents an abbreviation in which the Academy of Sciences is the Academy of Sciences, and the letters "L", "A" and "B" mean the laboratory of high-molecular compounds. In the US, this material is produced under the name "dacron".
In the technique this polymer was widely usedthanks to special properties. For example, 100% polyester is used for the production of packaging materials that require high strength. What are these properties? The strength of the binding strap for the tightening of bales, which have a significant straightening force when squeezed, is only slightly inferior to the resistance of the metal tape to breaking, while the polymer is much lighter, and, more importantly, cheaper than iron. Strength of polyester yarns causes their application in those cases when the seam should be very reliable, and the ropes woven from them can withstand enormous loads.
In the world aircraft industry and vehicle designIn recent decades, there has also been an active expansion of the scope of composite polymer materials. Any part, for the manufacture of which is used instead of plastic duralumin, reduces weight and improves anti-corrosion resistance. For military aviation, this polyester has another important property: the scientists have established, by examining polyester, that this is a radio-conductive material. This feature allows you to perform radome fairings from it, and the silhouette of the aircraft becomes less noticeable for air defense systems of a possible enemy.
