Ethics of Kant - the top of the philosophy of morality

Immanuel Kant carried out a kind of revolution inphilosophy, due to which it became known first in the scientific circles of its time, and later among the whole civilized humanity. He always had his own, special view of life, this scientist never departed from his principles. His work was ambiguous and is still the subject of study.

It was said about him that he is a closed person, after allKant never left his hometown of Koenigsberg in his entire life. He was single-minded, hardworking, and fulfilled all the plans in his life, than few people can boast of. Kant's ethics are the pinnacle of his work. The philosopher perceived it as a special part of philosophy.

The ethical teaching of Kant ishuge work and research in the field of ethics as a necessary science and culture that regulates relations between people. It is the norms of morality, according to the philosopher, determine the behavior of a person and dictate how to act in any particular situation. Kant tried to justify these rules of social behavior. He believed that one can not rely on religious views and dogmas. Immanuel Kant was also firmly convinced that it is impossible to consider moral what is not connected with the fulfillment of the debt. The scientist distinguished his following types:

• duty in relation to his personality is to live his life purposefully and dignified, to cherish her selflessly;
• duty to other people, which consists in good deeds and deeds.

Under the concept of debt, the scientist understands the developmentthe inner world of the individual and his self-knowledge, and this requires the correctness of the judgment about oneself. Also, the ethics of Kant pays much attention to the inner moral feelings of people. He noticed that without them, people are not much different from animals. Conscience, according to the philosopher, acts in the role of reason, it is with its help that a man justifies or does not justify his and others' actions.

Kant devoted a large part of his life to studyingsuch a thing as ethics. The definition of this term, in his opinion, a priori and autonomously, is aimed not at the essence, but at the due. An important concept in the development of the teachings of I. Kant is the idea of ​​human dignity. The philosopher was convinced that ethics is an important part of philosophy, in which the main subject of study is man as a phenomenon. Morality is the essential dimension of human existence.

The ethical teachings of Kant developed the specifics of morality. This implies that the realm of freedom is different from the realm of nature. It was preceded by the philosophy of naturalism, which the philosopher opposed. He was a supporter of Stoicism, who preached a negative attitude to the physical world and to the strength of spirit, to the will. The philosopher denied the desire to become a man, ignoring the surrounding circumstances and morality of society.

According to the teachings of Kant, ethics - the definitionmoral qualities of a person who should responsibly perform his duty to himself and society. Retaining its dignity, the reward to the individual for this will be the realization of personal goodwill. Kant's ethics included thoughts of free will, of an immortal soul, of the existence of God. These ideas, according to the theory of the scientist, theoretically pure reason could not solve.

The main postulate in the philosophy of Kant was suchabout free will. It lies in the fact that free will is a condition for the existence of morality and this is an indisputable fact. The ethical teaching of Immanuel Kant was a great discovery. The philosopher proved that if a person has morality, he himself is a legislator, his actions will be moral and he will have the right to speak on behalf of humanity. What is Kant's ethics? This is a highly moral theory about the problems of freedom, where the human personality plays a huge role.