Accounting for intangible assets. Their reflection in accounting
Intangible assets are called such objectslong-term use, which have no material and material structure, but have a valuation, are used for a long time (that is, more than twelve months) and in the future can bring the enterprise income (economic benefits).
Accounting for intangible assets is produced by a separate object and by groups.
Intangible assets inorganization; business reputation of the enterprise; the exclusive right of the holder of service marks and trademarks; copyright on information databases; the exclusive right to industrial designs, unique models, inventions of the patent owner.
Consider intangible assets based on the provision of accounting "Accounting for intangible assets."
Not included in intangible assets suchthe quality of the personnel of the enterprise, both business and intellectual, their ability to work and qualification, because they are inseparable from their carriers and can not be used without them.
Accounting for intangible assets leadon a special account 04, which is active. Intangible assets are reflected here at historical cost.
Accounting for the receipt of intangible assets dependson the types of contracts they enter into the enterprise: constituent contracts; licensed (open, exclusive, non-exclusive license); contracts, which are concluded on the basis of the Law "On Protection of Trademarks and Marks"; those that are concluded on the basis of a patent law; contracts of commercial concession; copyright agreements with individuals on the transfer of non-exclusive and exclusive rights to use works of art, literature and science.
When an enterprise manufactures intangibleassets by own forces and bears specific expenses, they can include material costs, taxation, labor costs, and so on.
In the accounting reference-calculation is formedthe initial value of such intangible assets. This accounting reference-calculation is a cumulative result, based on documents that confirm the costs incurred to create intangible assets. Intangible assets must be initially valued at cost, despite the way they enter the enterprise.
For each object an analyticalaccounting of intangible assets with the use of cards of intangible assets under the form No. HMA 1. On the basis of the receipt document, transfer (acceptance-transfer) and other documentation, such a card is filled in a single copy and kept in the accounting department.
Accounting for intangible assets at the enterprise is built on the basis of the accounting policy of the organization, which is approved by the head.
The intangible asset that was received inas a result of development, it is necessary to reflect in the balance sheet, provided that the enterprise has information for the reliable determination of costs that are associated with the development of an intangible asset; the possibility that economic benefits associated with its use will be obtained; intention, technical capabilities and resources in order to bring the intangible asset to a state in which it can be used.
Note that if the specified criteriathe intangible asset is not responsible, then the costs associated with its creation or acquisition are recognized as expenses of the reporting period in which they were carried out without recognition of these expenses as an intangible asset.